Tag Archives: credit cards

Payment Gateways Part 2: How They Work

The Official Merchant Services Blog continues its series on Payment Gateways. Yesterday’s blog dealt with the basic question of why your business would want a Payment Gateway in the first place. It also looked at the basic setup and costs of a Payment Gateway and some of the differences in the Payment Gateway options that Host Merchant Services offers.

Today’s blog is going to examine how Payment Gateways work.

How Do They Work?

A Payment Gateway is literally a link between a merchant, the client, the client’s credit card provider and the merchant’s bank. The main job of the gateway is to validate your customer’s credit card securely, make sure the funds are available and get you paid. The system is based on the transaction process you see in your standard retail store, where a credit card is swiped. But it does not require a card to be present to be charged.

Some gateways also require a merchant account –– a specific type of bank account that handles your funds received via credit cards. Host Merchant Services provides its merchants with Payment Gateway options as part of the services that come with opening a merchant account through the company.

Host Merchant Services has created an easy to read, step by step graphic on Payment Gateways. You can view that graphic here.

But to briefly walk you through the process:

A customer places an order on a merchant’s website and submits the order through the site.
The website then encrypts the payment information that is to be sent between the browser and the merchant’s webserver. This is done vial Secure Socket Layer (SSL) Encryption.
The merchant then forwards the encrypted transaction details to their payment gateway.
The Payment Gateway forwards the secure transaction information to the payment processor (in this instance, Host Merchant Services).
The processor forwards the information to the card association (be it Visa or MasterCard or Discover).
The credit card issuing bank receives the authorization request and sends a response back to the processor with a response code.
This response gets forwarded to the Payment Gateway.
The Payment Gateway sends the response back to the website where it is interpreted and relayed back to the cardholder and the merchant. This entire process of forwarding the information for a response, and getting the response back takes 2 to 3 seconds typically. Not only will the response of approved or declined be generated but the process also defines why a transaction might fail, and lists the reason.
For an approved transaction, the Merchant then submits all of their approved transactions in a “batch” to the acquiring bank for settlement at the end of its business day. The acquiring bank deposits the total of the approved funds into the merchant’s account. Settlement of “batches” typically takes 2 days with Host Merchant Services.

How Do The Transactions Stay Secure?

The security of these transactions are important. Security is the key reason Payment Gateways exist, as the entire point of the system is to get sensitive payment information transmitted from a customer’s web browser back and forth to a bank for approval of the purchase. Here are some of the technical details that happen with Payment Gateways to ensure the process remains secure:

Since the customer is usually required to enter personal details in the transaction process, the payment gateway is often carried out through HTTPS protocol.
To validate the request of the payment page result, signed request is often used – which is the result of the hash function in which the parameters of an application confirmed by a «secret word», known only to the merchant and payment gateway.
To validate the request of the payment page result, sometimes IP of the requesting server has to be verified.
There is a growing support by acquirers, issuers and subsequently by payment gateways for Virtual Payer Authentication (VPA), implemented as 3-D Secure protocol – branded as Verified by VISA, MasterCard SecureCode and J/Secure by JCB, which adds additional layer of security for online payments. 3-D Secure promises to alleviate some of the problems facing online merchants, like the inherent distance between the seller and the buyer, and the inability of the first to easily confirm the identity of the second.

Up Next

In tomorrow’s entry in this series we will take a look at the costs of a Payment Gateway, specifically the options Host Merchant Services offers and then analyze some of the criteria a merchant needs to consider when choosing a Payment Gateway.

A Different Kind of +1

The Official Merchant Services Blog takes a moment to look at a transition in marketing strategies that is extremely relevant to small business : Postage. The United States Postal Service announced this week that it is going to raise its postal rates. Most notable is the cost of the first class stamp is going up one cent from $0.44 to $0.45.

Some other drastic changes are being investigated as well, as cited in that article from Reuters: “The Postal Service has asked Congress for permission to drastically overhaul its business, including cutting Saturday mail delivery and eliminating a massive annual payment to prefund retiree health benefits. The agency also is studying thousands of post offices and processing facilities for possible closure.”

Digital Over Direct Mail

This change is indicative of a shift in how the country does business. And it’s not really all that surprising. The USPS has to react to more than just competition from Federal Express and UPS. Businesses are thriving on the internet. And that makes using more traditional means of marketing –– i.e. print-based marketing –– too little bang for a business owner’s buck.

Which brings us to this interesting article from Multichannel Merchant that suggests that suggests that the postal rate increase is going to cut into the amount of printed materials that businesses mail –– specifically catalogs. Printed direct mail marketing materials, in my experience, have always had a really low impact with customers. Catalogs were usually stronger than other direct mail marketing pieces, for sure. But overall junk mail is called junk mail for the very reason that people ignore it. You send out thousands of direct mail items and are hoping to get dozens of responses, if you’re lucky. So things were already looking bleak for the future of direct mail marketing strategies.

The 2012 postal rate increase only furthers things a long right at the time when internet based marketing strategies are becoming very user friendly for just about everyone.

Social Media Plus One

Social Media can have a much stronger impact with your customers when utilized properly. And there are a lot of easy-to-find resources to help small business owners take advantage of Social Media. Getting tips on how to best use Facebook Ads and Google Ads and Twitter feeds to reach customers organically and generate strong responses to your business and its activities. Host Merchant Services provides some of those resources itself. This very blog is designed with the intent of reaching out to our merchants to help keep them on top of trends and news that help their business thrive. The company also provides an article archive on topics related to the industry so merchants can understand processing better. The company actively keeps its Facebook presence updated. It’s all part of the goal of reaching out to our merchants to help their business run better. The company also provides e-commerce solutions and social media and marketing advice and analysis for its customers. Beyond just the marketing aspects, Host Merchant Services is here to provide its merchants the assistance they need for their e-commerce opportunities.

So take this 2012 postal rate increase as a sign of how marketing for your small business now exists in a very different environment, and you have an opportunity to reach out to customers with the money you don’t give the USPS. You can reconsider reaching out via direct mail and focus on reaching out to your customers through facebook, twitter, your own site and blog, or any combination thereof. At the very least you’ll avoid those higher postal rates, and should be able to drum up just as many points of contact as your mailers were generating.

Print Still Has Its Place

Keep in mind, this isn’t a suggestion to go completely digital. You don’t have to abandon print-based marketing strategies. But you can certainly give serious consideration to adjusting how much you budget for them. If the price increase isn’t worth your money, you can scale back and focus your efforts and resources on something web-based. Use the postal rate increase as a catalyst for boosting your businesses’ e-commerce. Sticking to the most basic plan:

You can have your business online, with a website.
You can offer your products online, with a catalog.
You can process transactions online, through your website and its catalog.
You can use a merchant services provider like Host Merchant Services, to handle those transactions.
You can then connect to customers and potential customers through social media services like Facebook or Google Ads or Twitter.

From the Multichannel Merchant Article: “Deb Dyer, vice president of marketing for bedding merchant Cuddledown, says the rate increase “won’t keep us from sending catalogs to our house file or prospects, but it will make us look at other digital prospect opportunities and programs.” “

Information Flows Digitally Now

And that’s really what the postal rate increase is most likely going to do for a lot of other merchants. Give them the perfect opportunity to explore the powerful tools they have at their disposal with social media and e-commerce solutions. To put it in perspective, as I was reading the article I link here from Multichannel Merchant, my eyes were drawn to the Facebook “Share” button, Google “Plus One” button and Twitter “Tweet” button that were all conveniently placed on the left-hand side of the article. It’s all right there. One click and you can get yourself involved in a whole new marketing plan for your business.

In short, a lot of people have stopped getting their news from print media. They ignore direct mail sending it to the trash as junk mail. But they’re still consumers and you can reach them with well executed social media marketing strategies. The United States Postal Service is just reminding you that you have this option, albeit indirectly.

Payment Processing Changes and How They Effect Small Businesses

It used to be one of the big decisions a small business had to make was whether or not to accept credit cards. But with E-commerce booming and consumers continually reaching for plastic instead of paper for their transactions, that decision has pretty much been made for small businesses. They have to accept some form of card payment as fewer people carry cash. However, the technology for payment processing is advancing at a high rate right now. And many studies predict mobile payments are on the verge of transforming the way people pay for things even more than before. The future of payment processing is ripe for change.

The Current Payment Processing Landscape At A Glance

Merchant Services, by its very nature, is an industry that for the most part seeks to work unnoticed by the consumer. The companies performing this service, which can be explained here in this Host Merchant Services infographic, tend to make their money off of percentages of a penny. Transaction by transaction those percentages grow into pennies, and as volume increases even further those pennies increase into dollars.

A lot of small business owners have horror stories about their payment processors because a really common practice that companies in the industry started to do to each other to compete better, was to boost the expenses from those transactions, and those percentages of pennies, with hidden fees and contractual obligations.

It got so bad that federal legislation, in the form of the Durbin Amendment, was passed as a way to combat debit card swipe fees. Host Merchant Services is already tracking the effects of those changes in a series right here on the Official Merchant Services Blog.

Changing the Game

But that’s not the only way the game is changing. Some companies, like Host Merchant Services, see the opportunity being created by the old standard. So HMS shines light on hidden fees, cuts away the fat from these agreements and HMS even goes so far as to not hold its merchants to contracts or termination fees. Many of the features you find at Host Merchant Services are designed specifically to appeal to small business owners. A service oriented Merchant Services solution that lets the merchant know exactly what they are paying on their statement.

Technology Adds its Own Wrinkle

Beyond just what Host Merchant Services is doing to change the model for Merchant Services Providers, the industry is being shaped by advances in technology, specifically the potential for profits from mobile payments. Small Business Owners are starting to find the convenience of being able to process a payment anywhere can give them more flexibility to reach their customers. And so the companies developing the technology for these mobile payments are racing to reach the market with their ideas and advances.

Square Up – In 2009 the Co-Founder of Twitter, Jack Dorsey, introduced a breakthrough device that allows both individuals and businesses to swipe and process credit cards directly on their iPhone or Android phone. While Square was not the first company to do this, what set them apart was their fee structure and their lack of a contract. Square has no contract, does not have any monthly fees and only charges when a card is swiped or keyed in. They currently charge 2.75% of the transaction for each swiped card. This is their big selling point because Square lets small businesses that did not have the resources prior to begin accepting credit cards. This is appealing to small businesses with low or inconsistent volume that would normally be burdened by the heavy costs associated with setting up a merchant account.

Google Wallet – On the other side of the payment world there is Google, who partnered with Citibank to create a new product called Google Wallet. This new mobile payment technology allows consumers to attach a credit card number to an embedded near-field communications (NFC) chip in their Android phone. This in turn gives that person the ability to make payments by swiping their mobile phone next to a chip reader.

NFC technology has been around for about a decade, and is still being tested in target market areas. Google Wallet will be tested first in New York City and Google hopes to roll it out for the rest of the country in 2012. Host Merchant Services noted this previously in an article.

HMSPay – Host Merchant Services offers its own mobile payment solution, HMSPay. This is similar to Square in that it’s a device that attaches to an iPhone. And its big selling point is that it adheres to HMS’ standards of service and savings. Merchants who use it are able to get ultra-competitive rates that let small businesses take credit cards without being overwhelmed by hidden fees and other excesses found in the Merchant Services industry.

Roundup of What Durbin Will Change

The changes to interchange fees and debit card transactions brought on by the Durbin Amendment are just days away. The Official Merchant Services Blog is going to give its readers a quick hit of some of the chatter that is heating up the internet as we close in on the day the changes take effect. As with the previous articles, we’ll be using Host Merchant Services’ own Durbin Analysis as the foundation for comparison. We’ll be touching on 3 separate articles today so the comparison will be brief and focus on the highlights.

Citigroup Focuses on Credit Cards

The first article we find comes from The Wall Street Journal. This article points out how Citigroup is reacting to the changes that its competitors Wells Fargo and SunTrust are making because of the Durbin Amendment. Both of which were reported in our last Countdown To Durbin Blog, but can be summed up as both of those banks are going to implement a fee for debit card use that its customers have to pay each month.

Citigroup, according to the Wall Street Journal, is pushing an aggressive credit card campaign to its customers. Citi mailed an estimated 346 million credit card offers to North American customers in the third quarter of this year, the Wall Street Journal reported in the article. The article suggests this move is at least partially motivated by a void that will be created by the Durbin Amendment:

“One potential void was created last year by an addition to the Dodd-Frank Act, which overhauled financial regulation. Known as the Durbin Amendment, the new rules, which go into effect in October, will limit the fees that banks collect from merchants each time a debit card is swiped, making cards far less profitable for the issuers.

As a result, some issuers are making debit cards less attractive by charging monthly fees and eliminating rewards. Citi is hoping to capitalize on this change by convincing dissatisfied debit customers to use its credit cards instead.”

This builds off of what our previous article found, that Durbin focuses on debit card transactions so one viable reaction to the Durbin changes is to switch focus to Credit Card Processing.

Consumer Reaction To “Too Many Fees”

The next article we cite comes from an NBC news affiliate in Indianapolis, IN, wthr.com. This article contains some evocative reaction from consumers regarding debit card fees. It cites what Regions Bank is doing in reaction to the changes from the Durbin Amendment:

“Regions issued a statement saying regulations have changed and, as a result, banks are adjusting how they cover the costs of providing debit cards. For some customers, that will mean a monthly fee for a debit card beginning in October. While Regions and other banks say the change is necessary, it isn’t popular.”

Which we have cited before as being a very popular reaction from banks regarding the federal regulations. This article quotes debit card using consumer reaction:

“I think it’s my money and I shouldn’t have to pay to use it,” said Andrea Moxley.

“Enough is enough. Too many fees,” said another woman.

This underscores the reaction that many of these articles are finding. Consumers, the group the legislation was supposed to help with its reforms, are not pleased with the shifted burdens that end up not helping them in the end.

Merchants Can Save

The final article we cite comes from Jennifer D’Angelo. It’s a blog of hers that goes into detail about how Merchants can take advantage of the Durbin Amendment changes to save money. D’Angelo suggests Merchants can save up to $1,200 per year because of the Durbin Amendment. She states:

“Under a new law called the Durbin Amendment that takes effect Oct. 1, any merchant that takes debit cards — from retail stores, restaurants, gas stations, and small businesses like chiropractor’s offices — could be eligible for up to $1,200 a year in savings on debit card processing.

In order to be eligible for savings, you need to ask your payment processor if they are passing along the benefits under the Durbin Amendment.”

It’s a very short piece that essentially suggests contacting your payment processor for more information about savings. But it does include the statistics about the cap the Durbin Amendment brings to debit card swipe fees (the previously reported 24 cents on the average purchase) as well as the cost of swipe fees in the past year (the also previously reported 44 cents on the average purchase). Which underscores how much of a difference the Durbin Amendment is forcing on the individual transactions.

These articles give three different perspectives on the Durbin Amendment: Bank, Consumer and Merchant. And gets right to the heart of the issue: Where will the savings that the legislation was designed to create actually end up going? Banks are making moves to protect the huge profit margins the fees provided them prior to the regulation. Merchants are capable of getting some savings, but it hinges on what their payment processors can do. And consumers may end up having to pay the same amount as fees get shifted to other, unregulated areas in the infrastructure of bank services.